Java: Java has been the primary language for Android app development for many years. It offers a robust and mature ecosystem with a vast range of libraries and frameworks specifically designed for Android development.

Kotlin: Kotlin is a modern programming language that is fully supported by Google for Android app development. It offers concise syntax, enhanced readability, null safety, and seamless interoperability with existing Java code. Kotlin has gained popularity among developers due to its productivity and safety features.

C++: C++ is a powerful language often used for performance-critical parts of an Android application. It is commonly employed when building games or computationally intensive applications where low-level control is required. The Android NDK (Native Development Kit) allows developers to write native C++ code and interact with it from their Java or Kotlin codebase.

C#: While Java and Kotlin are the primary languages for Android development, you can also use C# with Xamarin, a cross-platform development framework. Xamarin allows you to build Android apps using C# and share code across multiple platforms, including iOS and Windows.

JavaScript: With the rise of hybrid and cross-platform app development, JavaScript has become a popular choice. Frameworks like React Native and NativeScript enable developers to build Android apps using JavaScript, providing a native-like experience.

Python: Although not as common as Java, Kotlin, or JavaScript, Python can be used for Android development. Tools like Kivy and BeeWare offer frameworks that allow you to build Android apps using Python.

These are some of the primary languages used for Android app development. The choice of language depends on factors such as project requirements, developer preferences, existing codebase, and performance considerations